REASON FOR TESTING OF BLOOD GROUP

Blood group or ABO-Rh typing is ordered in following conditions which require blood transfusion -

• Severe anaemia e.g. iron deficiency anaemia , thalassemia
• Accident and trauma
• Bleeding during or after surgery
• Chemotherapy patients
• Bleeding disorders like haemophilia.

It is also done in pregnant female whether she is Rh positive or Rh negative. In case of the baby born to Rh negative female if baby born is Rh Positive then female will require the Rh immunoglobulin prophylaxis.

WHAT IS BEING TESTED IN BLOOD GROUP

Classifications

There are eight blood groups and they are classified using two systems.

• ABO System
• Rhesus System

ABO system

The first system is called the ABO system and it has four main groups:

• O Group
• A Group
• B Group
• AB Group

Rhesus system

The second system is called the Rhesus System and is classified as Rhesus Positive (+) and Rhesus Negative (-). The two systems combine to define the following of eight different blood groups of O-, O+, A-, A+, B-, B+, AB- and AB+.

INTERPRETATION OF BLOOD GROUP TEST RESULT

Blood Type	Donate Blood To	Receive Blood From
A+	A+ AB+	A+ A- O+ O-
O+	O+ A+ B+ AB+	O+ O-
B+	B+ AB+	B+ B- O+ O-
AB+	AB+	Everyone
A-	A+ A- AB+ AB-	A- O-
O-	Everyone	O-
B-	B+ B- AB+ AB-	B- O-
AB-	AB+ AB-	AB- A- B- O-

BLOOD GROUP REFERENCE RANGE

Not Applicable